Neuromyelitis optica nmo is a heterogeneous condition consisting of the inflammation and. Optic neuritis is a demyelinating inflammation of the optic nerve. This disease can happen to anyone at any age, but most cases occur in women who are between the ages of 20 to 40. Efns guidelines on diagnosis and management of neuromyelitis. Infectious neuritis is secondary to different microorganisms bacteria, virus, fungi, or protozoa. Meaning of subacute myelo optico neuropathy medical term.
Neuromyelitis optica is now recognized as a distinct entity from ms and is characterized by an optic neuritis, often bilateral and temporally associated with a fulminant multilevel transverse myelitis. History of heart failure, leukemia, existing myelosuppression, hepatic impair. Myeloneuritis definition of myeloneuritis by the free. Looking for online definition of subacute myelo optico neuropathy in the medical dictionary. Myeloneuritis article about myeloneuritis by the free. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and sjogren. Its defining manifestation was as an epidemic in japan during the 1960s. Neuromyelitis optica nmo was long considered a clinical variant of multiple sclerosis ms. It can be thought of as broadly divided into infectious and noninfectious causes, although the latter is far more frequent. Optic neuritis on is defined as inflammation of the optic nerve, which is mostly idiopathic.
Although the visual prognosis is excellent in the majority of cases, many patients develop pathology, such as. In a subgroup of patients with neuromyelitis optica nmo, a severe inflammatory demyelinating disorder of autoimmune origin characterized by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and longitudinally. Myelooptic neuropathy an overview sciencedirect topics. Neuromyelitis optica nmo is a heterogeneous condition consisting of the inflammation and demyelination of the optic nerve optic neuritis and the spinal cord.
Neuromyelitis optica an uncommon disease syndrome of the central nervous system cns that affects the optic nerves and spinal cord individuals with nmo develop optic neuritis, which causes pain in the eye and vision loss, and transverse myelitis, which causes weakness, numbness, and sometimes paralysis of the arms and legs, along with. It is also known as optic papillitis when the head of the optic nerve is involved, neuroretinitis when there is a combined involvement of optic disc and surrounding retina in the macular area and retrobulbar neuritis when the posterior part of the nerve is involved. Pdf neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder nmosd is an inflammatory. Spotted fever systemic lupus sle ms medicationinduced lyme disease vasculitis sarcoid many causes 27.
Optic neuritis denotes inflammation of the optic nerve and is one of the more common causes of optic neuropathy. The discovery of autoantibodies aqp4igg that target. Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disorder that affects the nerves of the eyes and the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. Subacute myelo optic neuropathy smon is an iatrogenic disease of the nervous system leading to a disabling paralysis, blindness and even death. Pdf acute and chronic management of neuromyelitis optica. Ms is a disease that causes inflammation and damage to nerves in your brain as well as the optic nerve besides ms, optic nerve inflammation can occur with other conditions, including infections or immune diseases, such as lupus. Health information optic neuritis n e u r o l o g i c a l i n s t i t u t e mellen center for multiple sclerosis treatment and research desk u10 216.
Neuromyelitis optica devics disease in a patient with. Pdf differential diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Whats the connection between ms and optic neuritis. Brera, spinodorsitis schmalz, notiacomyelitis, myelo meningitis. Neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum. Myeloneuritis definition of myeloneuritis by medical. Optic neuritis usually improves on its own, and certain medications may help speed your sight recovery if it doesnt. Abstract the spectrum of presentation of neuromyelitis optica nmo is now. She was diagnosed with sarcoid myelopathy and treated with.
Neuromyelitis optica nmo is a demyelinating disease associated to the presence of antiaquaporin 4 aqp4 antibodies and damage to the optic nerve and spinal cord. Calabresi, in goldmans cecil medicine twenty fourth edition, 2012. Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system malfunctions and attacks the bodys own tissues and organs. The myelopathy and optic neuritis associated with nmosd tends to be more severe than with multiple sclerosis, with less likelihood of recovery. Neuromyelitis optica nmo, also known as devics disease, is an uncommon immunemediated syndrome characterized by unilateral or bilateral optic neuritis and transverse myelitis with rare pathologic involvement beyond the optic nerves and spinal cord. Steroids are commonly used to treat optic neuritis, and they help reduce. Signs and symptoms of optic neuritis can be the first indication of multiple sclerosis ms, or they can occur later in the course of ms. Encyclopedia article about myeloneuritis by the free dictionary.
Optic neuritis is a condition that can happen because of a disease or without any specific known cause. Optic neuritis, its differential diagnosis and management. The aim of the treatment is to reduce number and severity of attacks and prevent future disability. Epidemiological, clinical, and immunological characteristics of. Jul 08, 20 ms is but one cause of optic neuritis it is not the only cause optic neuritis inflammation of the optic nerve itis inflammation. Subacute myelooptico neuropathy definition of subacute. Neuromyelitis optica nmo, also known as devics disease or. Myeloneuritis definition of myeloneuritis by medical dictionary. Neuromyelitis optica nmo, devics syndrome is an inflammatory. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Introduction neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders nmosd, previously known as devic disease or neuromyelitis optica nmo are inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by severe, immunemediated demyelination and axonal damage predominantly targeting optic nerves and spinal cord. Neuromyelitis optica nmo is an inflammatory disease of the cns which is.
1236 1149 24 511 338 204 674 257 591 978 923 618 1063 1354 189 1011 219 206 1253 467 383 1249 1051 658 1005 484 863 1472 1461 720